|
Regio cervicalis anterior |
|
Trigonum cervicale anterius |
impair triangle
cranially: lower mandibular border
laterally: ventral border of m. sternocleidomastoideus |
trigonum submandibulare
trigonum submentale
trigonum caroticum
trigonum musculare (omotracheale) |
|
Trigonum submandibulare |
cranially: lower mandibular border
medially: venter ant. m. digastrici
laterally: venter post. m. digastrici
bottom: m. mylohyoideus and m. hyoglossus |
glandula submandibularis
vasa facialia (+ their branches)
ductus submandibularis
n. lingualis
ganglion submandibulare
a. lingualis
n. hypoglossus
nodi lymphoidei submandibulares |
|
Trigonum caroticum
(Malgaigne) |
cranially: venter post. m. digastrici
caudally: venter sup. m. omohyoidei
laterally: m. sternocleidomastoideus |
n. hypoglossus (running as arcus n. XII ventrally of the blood vessels) + v. comitans n. hypoglossi
truncus sympathicus + ganglion cervicale superius
n. accessorius
nodi lymphoidei cervicales profundi
glandula thyroidea
in vagina carotica:
a. carotis communis – branching at the level of C4 (med.)
a. carotis int.
a. carotis ext. + its branches and their veins
v. jugularis int. + its tributaries (laterodors.)
radix sup. ansae cervicalis profundae (ventr.)
n. vagus + n. laryngeus sup. (dors.) |
|
Trigonum musculare
(Fossa suprasternalis)
(Trigonum omotracheale) |
cranially: corpus ossis hyoidei
caudally: incisura jugularis sterni
craniolaterally: vent. sup. m. omohyoidei
caudolaterally: m. sternocleidomastiodeus |
larynx → trachea
glandula thyroidea + its vessels and nerves
m. sternothyroideus, m. sternohyoideus and m. thyrohyoideus
arcus venosus juguli |
|
Trigonum submentale |
laterally: ventera ant. mm. digastricorum
ventrocranially: corpus mandibulae
caudally: corpus ossis hyoidei
bottom: mm. mylohyoidei |
vasa submentalia
nodi lymphoidei submentales
nn. mylohyoidei |
|
Trigonum a. lingualis
(Trigonum Pirogovi) |
cranially: n. hypoglossus
ventrally: dorsal border of m. mylohyoideus
caudally: venter post. m. digastrici
bottom: m. hyoglossus |
a. lingualis (ligation)
(v. lingualis) |
|
Angulus Béclardi |
cranially: venter post. m. digastrici a m. stylohyoideus
caudally: cornu majus ossis hyoidei |
a. lingualis (ligation) |
|
Regio sternocleidomastoidea |
|
Fossa supraclavicularis minor |
medially + laterally: beginnigs of m. sternocleidomastoideus
caudally: clavicula |
cupula pleurae projects in the depth |
|
Regio cervicalis lateralis |
|
Regio cervicis lateralis |
cranially - top: proc. mastoideus
ventrally: dorsal border of m. sternocleidomastoideus
dorsally: ventral border of m. trapezius
caudally: clavicula |
trigonum omotrapezium
trigonum omoclaviculare |
|
Trigonum omoclaviculare
corresponds to superficial Fossa supraclavicularis major |
cranially: venter inf. m. omohyoidei
caudally: clavicula
ventrally: doral border ofj m. sternocleidomastoideus |
vasa subclavia
angulus venosus (+ estuary of ductus thoracicus (left) / ductus lymphaticus dx. + its tributaries)
plexus brachialis
nodi lymphoidei supraclaviculares (Virchow-Troisier)
n. phrenicus
a. cervicalis ascendents + v. vertebralis anterior
a. transversa cervicis (or only its branch r. superficialis)
vasa suprascapularia
nn. supraclaviculares
v. jugularis externa |
|
Trigonum omotrapezium |
ventrally: doral border of m. sternocleidomastoideus
dorsally: ventral border of m. trapezius
caudally. venter inf. m. omohyoidei |
v. jugularis externa (+its tributarie, e.g. vv. transversae colli)
a. transversa colli (+ its branches)
a. cervicalis ascendents + v. vertebralis anterior + n. phrenicus
vasa cervicalia profunda
a. transversa cervicis (or only its branches)
punctum nervosum + its branches
n. accessorius
pars supraclavicularis plexus brachialis
nodi lymphoidei cervicales |
|
...and in depth |
|
Trigonum scalenovertebrale
(in the depth of trig. omoclaviculare) |
dorsally: m. longus colli
laterally: m. scalenus ant.
caudally: cupula pleurae
medially: trachea, esophagus, glandula thyroidea
ventrally: m. sternocleidomastoideus |
a. subclavia (pars intrascalenica)
plexus brachialis
truncus sympathicus (ggl. stellatum) + ansa subclavia
nn. cardiaci cervicales
ductus thoracicus (on the left side only)! |
|
Fissura scalenorum |
ventrally: m. scalenus anterior
dorsally: m. scalenus medius
caudally: clavicula |
a. subclavia (subclavian vein runs in front of m. scalenus ant.)
a. transversa cervicis (or only its branch r. profundus)
plexus brachialis |
|
Trigonum Killiani |
cranially: pars (m.) thyropharyngea m. constrictoris pharyngis inferioris
caudally: pars (m.) cricopharyngea m. constrictoris pharyngis inferioris |
weakened wall - possible site of pulse diverticle (of Zenker) occurence |
|
Trigonum Laimeri |
cranially: pars (m.) cricopharyngea m. constrictoris pharyngis inferioris
caudally: superior oblique fibres of longitudinal oesophageal muscle layer
floor: circular oesophageal muscle layer |
weakened wall - possible site of pulse diverticle occurence |